1. Factions are groups of people who have a common belief between them. Although many factions are noteworthy, some are not and need to be controlled. The reason factions are so hard to eliminate is because when you get rid of a faction you are getting rid of someone’s rights. Madison compares these factions to what air is to fire. “Liberty is to faction what air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires. But it could not be less folly to abolish liberty, which is essential to political life, because it nourishes faction, than it would be to wish the annihilation of air, which is essential to animal life, because it imparts to fire its destructive agency.”
3. Since, most factions cannot be removed; there are ways in which they can be controlled. James Madison states that there are two ways to “cure the mischiefs of the faction.” One, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects. This means to remove the cause of the disharmony and to fix the problem
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